To Hoang Chuong and Thach Cuong are indigenous Khmer Krom activists from Trà Vinh Province in southern Vietnam. They are known for advocating peaceful recognition of Khmer Krom cultural, religious, and land rights. Through social media posts, livestreams, and community engagement, they raised concerns about restrictions on indigenous identity, Buddhist practice, and local governance affecting Khmer Krom communities. Vietnamese authorities convicted them of “abusing democratic freedoms” under Article 331 of the Criminal Code, a charge frequently used against dissenting voices, and sentenced To Hoang Chuong to three-and-a-half years in prison and Thach Cuong to four years.