Sports and Dictators
Sports and Dictators
Sports and Dictators
Sports and Dictators

About

Sports & Dictators explores the evolving role of sports in international relations, focusing on how authoritarian regimes exploit sports as part of a multi-faceted strategy to shape national identity, boost economic growth, and project soft power on the global stage. By highlighting these dynamics, HRF aims to ignite a global conversation among policy makers, journalists, athletes, fans and activists, while rallying support for the fight for human rights in the realm of sports.

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Our Recent Publications

Equatorial Guinea Report
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Media
Jun 23, 2026
How the Regime in Equatorial Guinea Exploits Football
Equatorial Guinea’s regime has strategically exploited the global appeal of football as a political tool.
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How the Regime in Equatorial Guinea Exploits Football
Jun 23, 2026
Op-ed
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Media
Apr 27, 2026
NBA’s Rwanda ties face scrutiny after sanctions-linked BAL withdrawal
As the NBA enters its postseason crescendo, its carefully cultivated image as one of the most progressive leagues in sports is once again in the spotlight due to its partnership with Rwanda, which has long been accused of human rights abuses and war crimes.
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NBA’s Rwanda ties face scrutiny after sanctions-linked BAL withdrawal
Apr 27, 2026
Putin Bombs the Power Grid. The Children Keep Playing
Minerva
Media
Mar 13, 2026
Putin Bombs the Power Grid. The Children Keep Playing
When the Ukrainian skeleton athlete Vladyslav Heraskevych risked disqualification for wearing a helmet displaying the faces of more than 20 Ukrainian athletes and coaches killed in the war during this year’s Olympics, it became clear: even sports equipment has become political.
Minerva
Putin Bombs the Power Grid. The Children Keep Playing
Mar 13, 2026
As Sudan burns, the NBA’s embrace of the UAE shows how sport enables atrocity
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Media
Dec 13, 2025
As Sudan burns, the NBA’s embrace of the UAE shows how sport enables atrocity
As paramilitary fighters from the brutal Rapid Support Forces (RSF) overran the largest city in western Sudan – carrying out mass executions, rapes and ethnic cleansing with weapons supplied by the United Arab Emirates – the NBA’s annual in-season tournament, the Emirates NBA Cup, tipped off on Halloween night, proudly sponsored by the very same Gulf state.
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As Sudan burns, the NBA’s embrace of the UAE shows how sport enables atrocity
Dec 13, 2025
Why is Saudi Arabia at the Gold Cup_ It’s the latest in the Kingdom’s soft power campaign
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Media
May 9, 2025
Why is Saudi Arabia at the Gold Cup? It’s the latest in the Kingdom’s soft power campaign
Last month, the Confederation of North, Central America and Caribbean Association Football (Concacaf) held an official draw in Miami, Florida for the 2025 Gold Cup, the premier biennial tournament for men’s football on the continent.
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Why is Saudi Arabia at the Gold Cup? It’s the latest in the Kingdom’s soft power campaign
May 9, 2025
Kirsty Coventry—the Soft Face of Zimbabwe's Dictatorship—Could Be the Next President of the IOC _ Opinion
Newsweek
Media
Mar 19, 2025
Kirsty Coventry—the Soft Face of Zimbabwe’s Dictatorship—Could Be the Next President of the IOC | Opinion
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is set to select a new president this week to succeed Thomas Bach. In a field of seven candidates, Zimbabwe’s Kirsty Coventry, Africa’s most decorated Olympian, could make history as the first woman to head the IOC.
Newsweek
Kirsty Coventry—the Soft Face of Zimbabwe’s Dictatorship—Could Be the Next President of the IOC | Opinion
Mar 19, 2025
Authoritarian Qatar puts 2,000 cops and armoured cars on the streets of Paris
Brussels Signal
Media
Jul 19, 2024
Authoritarian Qatar puts 2,000 cops and armoured cars on the streets of Paris
Two weeks before the Olympic Games are set to kick off in Paris, Qatari security forces, equipped with armoured vehicles and urban camouflage livery, arrived in the French capital to help “secure” the global event.
Brussels Signal
Authoritarian Qatar puts 2,000 cops and armoured cars on the streets of Paris
Jul 19, 2024
FIFA World Cup trophy with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed Bin-Salman overlooking it
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Media
Jan 12, 2024
Fueling Ambition: Aramco’s pivotal role in Saudi Arabia’s sports expansion
In November 2023, news broke that Aramco—Saudi Arabia’s state-owned oil and energy giant—was set to complete a “significant sponsorship” deal with FIFA that would make it the football governing body’s biggest sponsor over the coming decade. 
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Fueling Ambition: Aramco’s pivotal role in Saudi Arabia’s sports expansion
Jan 12, 2024

Power Plays Podcast

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Listen in Spanish

We partnered with YouTube channel La Media Inglesa to bring Power Plays to Spanish speaking audiences

Our Initiatives

Football Tracker Tool

Football Club Tracker

HRF’s interactive tool tracking the authoritarian regimes linked to football clubs in the five most popular leagues in the world. The tool debuted at the 2024 Oslo Freedom Forum.

Aramco Houston Marathon Campaign

Aramco Houston Marathon Campaign

In January 2024, HRF launched a campaign during the 2024 Houston Marathon to protest Saudi Arabia's sponsorship of the half-marathon event. HRF was present on the ground engaging with attendees and athletes to raise awareness of the Saudi regime’s human rights abuses.

A History of Sports & Dictators Series

Latest Web Header - A History of Sports & Dictators, Part 4 - Soviet sports propaganda
Media
Oct 18, 2024
A History of Sports & Dictators, Part 4: Soviet Sports propaganda
When Tsar Peter I — better known as Peter the Great — visited England in 1689, he arranged what has been called the “first international boxing match” in the garden of the nobleman’s home.
A History of Sports & Dictators, Part 4: Soviet Sports propaganda
Oct 18, 2024
A History of Sports & Dictators, Part 3: Post-WWII Soft Power
Media
Sep 6, 2024
A History of Sports & Dictators, Part 3: Post-WWII Soft Power
Long before the inception of the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece, sports have been used to distract the masses, test foreign policies, thaw diplomatic tensions, and broadcast political and social messaging.
A History of Sports & Dictators, Part 3: Post-WWII Soft Power
Sep 6, 2024
A conceptual graphic featuring the FIFA logo and Olympic rings over a black-and-white stadium, illustrating the history of sportswashing
Media
Aug 9, 2024
A History of Sports & Dictators, Part 2: The Rise of Fascism
Long before the inception of the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece, sports have been used to distract the masses, test foreign policies, thaw diplomatic tensions, and broadcast political and social messaging.
A History of Sports & Dictators, Part 2: The Rise of Fascism
Aug 9, 2024
A History of Sports and Dictators
Media
Feb 9, 2024
A History of Sports and Dictators, Part 1: From Ramses II to Rome’s Bread & Circuses
In the Olympic Games of 416, Athenian statesman and military general Alcibiades fielded seven teams in one of the most prestigious Olympic events, the four-horse chariot race known as the quadriga.
A History of Sports and Dictators, Part 1: From Ramses II to Rome’s Bread & Circuses
Feb 9, 2024

The Playbook Series

How Venezuela’s Football Revival May Unite Its People in their Struggle for Democracy
Media
Dec 26, 2025
The Playbook: How Venezuela’s Football Revival May Unite Its People in their Struggle for Democracy
On a tense September night in Maturín, hope bloomed early as Venezuela surged to a 2–1 lead over Colombia, only to crumble following a cascade of goals that sealed their World Cup qualifying fate.
The Playbook: How Venezuela’s Football Revival May Unite Its People in their Struggle for Democracy
Dec 26, 2025
The Playbook
Media
Mar 11, 2025
The Playbook: How Syria’s brutal Assad regime used football to maintain power
Welcome to The Playbook, an explainer series from HRF’s Sports & Dictators program that explores the intersection of sports and politics in authoritarian regimes and decodes the disturbing narratives behind the games we love.
The Playbook: How Syria’s brutal Assad regime used football to maintain power
Mar 11, 2025
The Playbook_ How Saudi Arabia uses tennis to present a facade of women’s reforms
Media
Feb 10, 2025
The Playbook: How Saudi Arabia Uses Tennis to Present a Facade of Women’s Reforms
When Saudi Arabia hosted one of the most important events in professional women’s tennis, the Women’s Tennis Association (WTA) Finals, in November, it wasn’t, of course, without controversy. The New York Times put it this way:
The Playbook: How Saudi Arabia Uses Tennis to Present a Facade of Women’s Reforms
Feb 10, 2025

Impact Spotlight

Giving Mainstream visibility to the NBA playing ball with Rwanda’s dictator

Beginning in 2021, HRF reached out privately to the NBA Commissioner Adam Silver to express concerns about the league’s partnership with Rwanda’s dictator Paul Kagame for the launch of the NBA’s Basketball Africa League. The NBA repeatedly dismissed concerns raised by HRF about Kagame’s regime’s appalling record of gross human rights violations, war crimes and crimes against humanity and its ongoing regional warmongering. HRF went to the press and in July 2024, ESPN published an extensive investigation and a documentary. This marked the first time that a major Western outlet had called Kagame a “dictator” in a headline. The ESPN report subsequently spurred two US senators to press the NBA for answers about its relationship with the Rwandan dictatorship. HRF’s campaign gave mainstream visibility to the NBA playing ball with a dictator.

News - US senators call out NBA's relationship with Rwanda dictator Paul Kagame_ 'Putting profit over principle'
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Media
Aug 27, 2024
US senators call out NBA’s relationship with Rwanda dictator Paul Kagame: ‘Putting profit over principle’
Two United States senators have accused the NBA of “putting profit over principle,” which was detailed in a letter sent to commissioner Adam Silver…
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US senators call out NBA’s relationship with Rwanda dictator Paul Kagame: ‘Putting profit over principle’
Aug 27, 2024
News - Oregon Sen. Merkley raises concerns over reported NBA ties to Rwandan dictatorship'
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Media
Aug 27, 2024
Oregon Sen. Merkley raises concerns over reported NBA ties to Rwandan dictatorship
Oregon Sen. Jeff Merkley sent a letter to National Basketball Association Commissioner Adam Silver on Tuesday, raising concerns over the organization’s reported ties to dictators.
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Oregon Sen. Merkley raises concerns over reported NBA ties to Rwandan dictatorship
Aug 27, 2024
News - NBA under fire_ U.S. Senators slam league's ties to controversial Rwandan leader
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Media
Aug 27, 2024
NBA under fire: U.S. Senators slam league’s ties to controversial Rwandan leader
The NBA finds itself in the hot seat once again, but this time, it’s not over a controversial call or a player feud-it’s a matter of global ethics.
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NBA under fire: U.S. Senators slam league’s ties to controversial Rwandan leader
Aug 27, 2024
Bad Business
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Media
May 17, 2024
Bad Business
In my Impromptus today, I have some sports — starting with Simone Biles — and some presidential politics — a lot of that — and some language — the shape-shifting of English — and other matters. Try it here.
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Bad Business
May 17, 2024

Making Gabon’s dictatorship’s crimes global front page news

In July 2015, HRF condemned football star Lionel Messi’s acceptance of an invitation from Gabon’s dictator Ali Bongo to lay the first stone of a stadium in the country.  HRF connected Messi’s visit to the human rights violations and kleptocracy under Bongo, whose family had ruled Gabon since 1967. As a result, HRF caused the storyline of the press coverage to shift from everyday celebrity news to major global political controversy. HRF made the little known crimes of the Gabonese dictatorship front page global news, educating millions of people through popular culture and mainstream media in more than a dozen languages.
Lionel Messi accused of undermining children's rights work with Gabon visit
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Media
Aug 4, 2015
Lionel Messi accused of undermining children’s rights work with Gabon visit
US-based group says Barcelona striker displayed ‘enthusiastic support for dictatorship that has refused to investigate ritual murders
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Lionel Messi accused of undermining children’s rights work with Gabon visit
Aug 4, 2015
News - Lionel Messi Slammed for 'Partying with Oppressors' by Human Rights Foundation
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Media
Aug 3, 2015
Lionel Messi Slammed for ‘Partying with Oppressors’ by Human Rights Foundation
The Human Rights Foundation has issued a scathing attack on Lionel Messi in the wake of his recent visit to Gabon, accusing the Barcelona icon of “partying with oppressors.”
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Lionel Messi Slammed for ‘Partying with Oppressors’ by Human Rights Foundation
Aug 3, 2015
News Thumbnail - Lionel Messi accused of undermining children's rights work with Gabon visit
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Media
Aug 3, 2015
Lionel Messi criticised by Human Rights Foundation for Gabon trip
HRF condemns Barcelona star’s trip to Gabon amidst allegations of child murder and organ harvesting
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Lionel Messi criticised by Human Rights Foundation for Gabon trip
Aug 3, 2015
Lionel Messi accused of endorsing Gabon 'dictatorship' with visit to 2017 Africa Cup of Nations venue
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Media
Aug 3, 2015
Lionel Messi accused of endorsing Gabon ‘dictatorship’ with visit to 2017 Africa Cup of Nations venue
Barcelona striker Lionel Messi accused by activists of showing ‘enthusiastic support’ for central African country that failed to halt ritual murder of children.
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Lionel Messi accused of endorsing Gabon ‘dictatorship’ with visit to 2017 Africa Cup of Nations venue
Aug 3, 2015

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